# 皮质细胞异型性（Cortex Cellular Atypia）

- 器官 / 系统：肾上腺 / 内分泌系统（adrenal-gland / endocrine-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0078
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/adrenal-gland-cortex-cellular-atypia.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#adrenal-gland-cortex-cellular-atypia
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/endocrine-system/adrenal-gland/Cortex-CellularAtypia
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
肾上腺皮质细胞异型性（Atypia）（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3）在大鼠和小鼠中是一种不常见的发现。

## 病变描述（中文）
肾上腺皮质细胞异型性（Atypia）（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3）在大鼠和小鼠中是一种不常见的发现。其特征为肥大的皮质细胞，除细胞质体积增大外，细胞核还表现出多形性、深染、形状不规则及其他非典型特征。在皮质肥大的区域内，可能有少数细胞具有不规则细胞核，但肾上腺皮质细胞异型性的诊断仅保留给那些大部分细胞均呈非典型的病变。病理学家必须运用其判断力来决定非典型细胞的数量是否足够多，以支持细胞异型性的诊断。非典型细胞也可见于皮质增生的病灶中。肾上腺皮质非典型细胞的病灶必须与肾上腺皮质腺瘤相鉴别。腺瘤通常引起邻近组织受压，并且细胞索正常的放射状排列消失；这些特征在细胞异型性的病灶中不存在。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
肾上腺，皮质 - 细胞异型性（Cellular atypia）应予以诊断并赋予严重程度分级。该诊断应用于肥大病灶中大部分细胞同时具有上述非典型特征细胞核的病例。在此类病例中，仅应记录“细胞异型性”的诊断（而非“肥大”）。当肥大病灶中非典型细胞的数量不足以支持异型性的诊断时（病理学家必须运用其判断力来确定是否属于这种情况），则应诊断肥大，并在叙述中描述少数散在的非典型细胞。若非典型细胞出现在皮质增生区域中相当数量的细胞内，则诊断应为“增生，非典型性”（Hyperplasia, 非典型性（atypical））（见肾上腺 - 增生）。若两侧肾上腺均可见细胞异型性，则应在诊断中添加修饰词“双侧（bilateral）”（双侧）（除非另有说明，病变假定为单侧）。相关链接：肾上腺 - 增生

## 英文原文 · Comment
Atypia of adrenocortical cells ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 , and Figure 3 ) is an uncommon finding in rats and mice. It is characterized by hypertrophic cortical cells that, in addition to expanded cytoplasmic volume, also have nuclei with pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, irregular shape, and other atypical features. There may be a few cells within a region of cortical hypertrophy that have irregular nuclei, but the diagnosis of cellular atypia in the adrenal cortex is reserved for those lesions in which a large proportion of the cells are atypical. The pathologist must use his or her judgment in deciding whether the number of atypical cells is large enough to warrant a diagnosis of cellular atypia. Atypical cells can also be found in foci of cortical hyperplasia. Foci of atypical adrenocortical cells must be differentiated from adrenocortical adenomas. Adenomas typically cause compression of adjacent tissue, and there is loss of the normal radial arrangement of the cords; these features are not present in foci of cellular atypia.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Adrenal gland, Cortex - Cellular atypia should be diagnosed and assigned a severity grade. The diagnosis should be used in cases where a large proportion of the cells in a hypertrophic focus also have nuclei that exhibit features of atypia as described above. In such cases, only the diagnosis of "Cellular atypia" (and not "Hypertrophy") should be recorded. When the number of atypical cells in a focus of hypertrophy does not warrant a diagnosis of atypia (the pathologist must use his or her judgment to determine if this is the case), then hypertrophy should be diagnosed and the few scattered atypical cells described in the narrative. In cases where atypical cells occur in a significant number of cells in an area of cortical hyperplasia, the diagnosis should be "Hyperplasia, Atypical" (see Adrenal Gland - Hyperplasia ). If cellular atypia is seen in both adrenal glands, the modifier "bilateral" should be added to the diagnosis (lesions are assumed to be unilateral unless otherwise indicated). Related Links: Adrenal Gland - Hyperplasia

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