# 纤维化（Fibrosis）

- 器官 / 系统：肾上腺 / 内分泌系统（adrenal-gland / endocrine-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0084
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/adrenal-gland-fibrosis.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#adrenal-gland-fibrosis
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/endocrine-system/adrenal-gland/Fibrosis
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
肾上腺纤维化（Adrenal gland fibrosis）（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3、Figure 4、Figure 5、Figure 6、Figure 7、Figure 8）是小鼠和大鼠中不常见的偶然性发现。

## 病变描述（中文）
肾上腺纤维化（Adrenal gland fibrosis）（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3、Figure 4、Figure 5、Figure 6、Figure 7、Figure 8）是小鼠和大鼠中不常见的偶然性发现。它通常是其他病理过程的继发结果，如坏死（Figure 8）、萎缩、血栓形成（Figure 5、Figure 6）或炎症。肾上腺纤维化可为皮质和/或髓质（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 5、Figure 6）和/或被膜（Figure 3、Figure 4、Figure 7、Figure 8）内 局灶性（focal） 至广泛的改变。在所有区域，纤维化的特征为 局灶性 至 弥漫性（diffuse） 的纤维结缔组织积聚，取代和/或扭曲正常组织结构。纤维结缔组织可为不成熟（含大量成纤维细胞和血管，胶原少）至成熟（主要为致密胶原板层，纤维细胞和血管少）。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
肾上腺纤维化应予以诊断并赋予严重程度分级。诊断中应包含部位修饰词（即皮质、髓质或被膜）。若皮质和髓质均存在，可省略部位修饰词，并在病理学描述中说明位置。必要时诊断中可包含分布修饰词（如 局灶性（focal））。继发于其他病变（如炎症或坏死）的纤维化不应单独诊断，除非严重程度足以支持。纤维化的特征（如矿化或色素）不应单独诊断，但应在病理学描述中予以描述。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Adrenal gland fibrosis ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , and Figure 8 ) is an uncommon incidental finding in mice and rats. It is usually a sequela to other pathologic processes, such as necrosis ( Figure 8 ), atrophy, thrombosis ( Figure 5 and Figure 6 ), or inflammation. Adrenal gland fibrosis can be a focal to extensive change in the cortex and/or medulla ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , and Figure 6 ) and/or the capsule ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , and Figure 8 ). In all areas, fibrosis is characterized by focal to diffuse accumulations of fibrous connective tissue, which replace and/or distort normal tissue architecture. The fibrous connective tissue may be immature (with abundant fibroblasts and blood vessels and little collagen) to mature (primarily dense collagenous sheets with few fibrocytes and blood vessels).

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Adrenal gland fibrosis should be diagnosed and assigned a severity grade. A site modifier (i.e., cortex, medulla, or capsule) should be included in the diagnosis. If it is present in both the cortex and medulla, the site modifier may be omitted and the location described in the pathology narrative. A distribution modifier (e.g., focal) may be included in the diagnosis if necessary. Fibrosis secondary to other lesions (e.g., inflammation or necrosis) should not be diagnosed separately unless warranted by severity. Features of fibrosis (e.g., mineralization or pigment) should not be diagnosed separately, though they should be described in the pathology narrative.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0238.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0247.jpg

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