# 矿化（Mineralization）

- 器官 / 系统：肾上腺 / 内分泌系统（adrenal-gland / endocrine-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0083
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/adrenal-gland-mineralization.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#adrenal-gland-mineralization
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/endocrine-system/adrenal-gland/Mineralization
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
大鼠和小鼠肾上腺内的矿化（Figure 1、Figure 2）通常为营养不良性形式，是坏死、出血或血栓形成等其他病变的继发结果。

## 病变描述（中文）
大鼠和小鼠肾上腺内的矿化（Figure 1、Figure 2）通常为营养不良性形式，是坏死、出血或血栓形成等其他病变的继发结果。因此，其发生率往往总体较低且呈散发性，与受试物无关。皮质受累比髓质更为常见。矿化的特征为大小不一、离散的细至粗颗粒状深嗜碱性物质聚集（Figure 1、Figure 2），散布于肾上腺实质中，常邻近或位于纤维化、变性、坏死、出血和/或血栓形成区域之内。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
如果肾上腺矿化作为原发性、与受试物相关的改变出现，则应予以诊断，并赋予严重程度分级和部位修饰词（即皮质、髓质或被膜）。作为另一病理过程（如纤维化或血栓形成）特征的矿化不应单独诊断，除非严重程度足以支持单独诊断。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Mineralization in the adrenal gland ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) in rats and mice is usually the dystrophic form and is a sequela to other lesions, such as necrosis, hemorrhage, or thrombosis. It therefore tends to occur with generally low, sporadic incidences unrelated to treatment. The cortex is more often affected than the medulla. Mineralization is characterized as variably sized, discrete aggregates of finely to coarsely granular dark basophilic material ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) that are scattered through the adrenal parenchyma, often adjacent to or within areas of fibrosis, degeneration, necrosis, hemorrhage, and/or thrombosis.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
If mineralization of the adrenal gland occurs as a primary, treatment-related change, it should be diagnosed and assigned a severity grade and site modifier (i.e., cortex, medulla, or capsule). Mineralization that is a feature of another pathologic process (e.g., fibrosis or thrombosis) should not be diagnosed separately, unless warranted by severity.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0244.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0250.jpg

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