# 导管萎缩（Duct Atrophy）

- 器官 / 系统：附睾 / 雄性生殖系统（epididymis / reproductive-system-male）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0498
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/epididymis-duct-atrophy.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#epididymis-duct-atrophy
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/reproductive-system-male/epididymis/Duct-Atrophy
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
附睾（epididymis）萎缩通常与管腔内精子含量减少相关，继发于睾丸精子发生减少。

## 病变描述（中文）
附睾（epididymis）萎缩通常与管腔内精子含量减少相关，继发于睾丸精子发生减少。其特征为管径减小，导致上皮向管内折叠，形成扇贝样外观。间质也可增多（Figure 3、Figure 4）。萎缩可为弥漫性或节段性。当为节段性时，最常累及附睾体与附睾尾交界处。附睾是雄激素依赖性组织，萎缩可见于睾酮减少、双氢睾酮减少（如5α-还原酶抑制）或雄激素受体拮抗。附睾萎缩是一种常见的年龄相关所见，与睾丸变性/萎缩相关。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
导管萎缩应记录并分级，并且如果其发生率和/或严重程度似乎与化学物给药相关，应在病理学叙述中讨论。如果双侧附睾均受累，诊断应标明为双侧，严重程度基于受累更严重的附睾。建议与其他雄性生殖器官的紊乱进行关联分析以助解释。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Atrophy of the epididymis is generally associated with decreased luminal sperm content, secondary to decreased testicular spermatogenesis. It is characterized by a decreased diameter of the ducts, resulting in intraductal folding of the epithelium to form a scalloped appearance. The interstitial stroma may also be increased ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 ). Atrophy can be diffuse or segmental. When segmental, it most commonly affects the corpus cauda junction. The epididymis is an androgen-dependent tissue, and atrophy can be seen in response to decreased testosterone, decreased dihydrotestosterone (e.g., 5α-reductase inhibition), or androgen receptor antagonism. Epididymal atrophy is a common age-related finding that is associated with testicular degeneration/atrophy.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Ductal atrophy should be recorded and graded and should be discussed in the pathology narrative if the incidence and/or severity appears to be related to chemical administration. If both epididymides are involved, the diagnosis should be indicated as bilateral and the severity based on the more severely affected epididymis. Correlation with disturbances in other male reproductive organs is recommended to aid interpretation.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0729.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0736.jpg

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