# 肾小管肥大（Renal Tubule Hypertrophy）

- 器官 / 系统：肾脏 / 泌尿系统（kidney / urinary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0177
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/kidney-renal-tubule-hypertrophy.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#kidney-renal-tubule-hypertrophy
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/urinary-system/kidney/RenalTubule-Hypertrophy
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
肾小管肥大（renal tubule hypertrophy）的特征是肾小管上皮细胞增大，染色特性不一。

## 病变描述（中文）
肾小管肥大（renal tubule hypertrophy）的特征是肾小管上皮细胞增大，染色特性不一。典型情况下，肾小管由单层上皮细胞衬覆，上皮细胞数量不增加。肥大细胞的细胞质通常无定形且呈明亮的嗜酸性，而细胞核显得小、圆且致密（Figure 1、Figure 2）。肾小管肥大的切向切片可能造成误导，看起来有些像增生。肥大常见于较严重的慢性进行性肾病（见 Kidney - Nephropathy, 慢性（chronic） Progressive），并被认为是与肾功能下降相关的代偿机制。它也可能由化学物给药引起。肥大不应被视为癌前病变。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
肾小管肥大应予以诊断并给出严重程度分级。作为慢性进行性肾病组成部分的肥大不应单独诊断，而应视为慢性进行性肾病的一个组成部分。相关链接：Kidney - Glomerulus - Metaplasia；Kidney - Nephropathy, 慢性（chronic） Progressive

## 英文原文 · Comment
Renal tubule hypertrophy is characterized by enlarged tubule epithelial cells that have variable tinctorial staining. Typically, the tubule is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells, and the numbers of epithelial cells are not increased. The cytoplasm of hypertrophic cells is usually amorphous and brightly eosinophilic, while nuclei appear small, round and dense ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). Tangential sections through renal tubule hypertrophy may be misleading, appearing somewhat hyperplastic. Hypertrophy is often observed in more severe cases of chronic progressive nephropathy (see Kidney - Nephropathy, Chronic Progressive ) and is believed to be a compensatory mechanism related to a decline in renal function. It may also result from chemical administration. Hypertrophy should not be regarded as a preneoplastic condition.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Renal tubule hypertrophy should be diagnosed and given a severity grade. Hypertrophy as a component of chronic progressive nephropathy should not be diagnosed separately but should be considered a component of chronic progressive nephropathy. Related Links: Kidney - Glomerulus - Metaplasia Kidney - Nephropathy, Chronic Progressive

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_1115.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_1116.jpg

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