# 凝结物（Concretion）

- 器官 / 系统：鼻 / 呼吸系统（nose / respiratory-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0129
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/nose-concretion.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#nose-concretion
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/respiratory-system/nose/Concretion
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
在鼻腔内，结石几乎总是与炎症相关（Figure 1、Figure 2）。结石见于鼻道内，由浓缩的鼻腔分泌物和/或渗出物构成。

## 病变描述（中文）
在鼻腔内，结石几乎总是与炎症相关（Figure 1、Figure 2）。结石见于鼻道内，由浓缩的鼻腔分泌物和/或渗出物构成。组织学上，结石由嗜酸性物质组成，偶见嵌入的核物质，通常具有明显的层状结构。结石应与淀粉样小体（corpora amylacea，见 Renne et al. 2009）相鉴别，后者为小的、层状的嗜碱性小体，在大鼠和小鼠的呼吸道上皮及鼻腺腔内偶见。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
由于结石通常是炎症的结果，可将其视为炎症反应的一个组成部分，在病理学描述中加以叙述，而不单独诊断。然而，如果结石的发生率出现与处理相关的增加，或者结石在无炎症的情况下出现，则必须在整项研究中单独诊断并赋予严重程度分级。

## 英文原文 · Comment
In the nasal cavity, concretions are almost always associated with inflammation ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). Concretions are found within the meatuses and are composed of inspissated nasal secretions and/or exudate. Histologically, concretions consist of eosinophilic material, occasionally with embedded nuclear material, and are typically distinctly laminated. Concretions should be distinguished from corpora amylacea (shown in Renne et al. 2009), which are small, laminated, basophilic bodies that are infrequently seen in the respiratory mucosa and nasal gland lumina of rats and mice.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Since they are usually a consequence of inflammation, concretions may be considered a component of the inflammatory response and described in the pathology narrative rather than diagnosed separately. If, however, there is a treatment-related increase in the incidence of concretions, or if they occur in the absence of inflammation, then they must be diagnosed separately throughout that study and assigned a severity grade.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0908.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0898.jpg

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