# 嗅上皮腺体化生（Olfactory Epithelium Glands Metaplasia）

- 器官 / 系统：鼻 / 呼吸系统（nose / respiratory-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0133
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/nose-olfactory-epithelium-glands-metaplasia.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#nose-olfactory-epithelium-glands-metaplasia
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/respiratory-system/nose/OlfactoryEpitheliumGlands-Metaplasia
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
鲍曼腺化生（Bowman's gland metaplasia）（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3、Figure 4、Figure 5、Figure 6、Figure 7）与嗅上皮化生（参见 Nose - Epithelium - Metaplasia, Squamous 和 N

## 病变描述（中文）
鲍曼腺化生（Bowman's gland metaplasia）（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3、Figure 4、Figure 5、Figure 6、Figure 7）与嗅上皮化生（参见 Nose - Epithelium - Metaplasia, Squamous 和 Nose - Olfactory Epithelium - Metaplasia, Respiratory）相似，但发生于衬覆鲍曼腺的上皮。在呼吸上皮化生中，正常的鲍曼腺上皮被纤毛呼吸上皮取代（杯状细胞数量可能不等）。在鳞状化生中，上皮被鳞状上皮取代。部分病例中可能存在鳞状与呼吸上皮混合性化生，并可伴有增生、扩张、萎缩和/或炎症。诊断应基于所存在的最显著病变。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
当“Nose, Olfactory epithelium, Glands - Metaplasia”存在于被覆上皮无病变的情况下、当化生类型与被覆上皮的化生类型不同时（例如被覆上皮为鳞状化生而腺体为呼吸上皮化生）、或当其显得过于严重或过度时，应作出该诊断。否则，该化生应作为被覆上皮化生的组成部分在病理学描述中加以描述。所存在的化生上皮类型（呼吸上皮或鳞状上皮）应作为修饰词纳入诊断。与嗅上皮相关的腺体被假定为鲍曼腺，因此诊断中不必注明“Bowman's”。应根据病变范围赋予其严重程度分级。相关链接：Nose - Epithelium - Metaplasia, Squamous Nose - Olfactory Epithelium, Glands - Hyperplasia Nose - Olfactory Epithelium - Metaplasia, Respiratory

## 英文原文 · Comment
Bowman's gland metaplasia ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , and Figure 7 ) is similar to metaplasia of olfactory epithelium (see Nose - Epithelium - Metaplasia, Squamous and Nose - Olfactory Epithelium - Metaplasia, Respiratory ) but occurs in the epithelium lining the Bowman’s glands. In respiratory metaplasia, the normal Bowman’s gland epithelium is replaced by ciliated respiratory epithelium (there may be variable numbers of goblet cells). In squamous metaplasia, the epithelium is replaced by squamous epithelium. There may be mixed squamous and respiratory metaplasia in some cases, as well as the presence of hyperplasia, dilation, atrophy, and/or inflammation. Diagnoses should be based on the most prominent lesion(s) present.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
"Nose, Olfactory epithelium, Glands - Metaplasia" should be diagnosed whenever it is present in the absence of lesions to the overlying epithelium, when the type of metaplasia differs from that of the overlying epithelium (e.g., squamous in the overlying epithelium and respiratory in the glands), or if it appears to be overly severe or excessive. Otherwise, the metaplasia should be described in the pathology narrative as a component of the metaplasia of the overlying epithelium. The type of metaplastic epithelium present (respiratory or squamous) should be included in the diagnosis as a modifier. Glands associated with the olfactory epithelium are assumed to be Bowman's glands, so it is not necessary to specify "Bowman's" in the diagnosis. It should be assigned a severity grade based on the extent of the lesion. Related Links: Nose - Epithelium - Metaplasia, Squamous Nose - Olfactory Epithelium, Glands - Hyperplasia Nose - Olfactory Epithelium - Metaplasia, Respiratory

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0944.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0941.jpg

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