# 嗅上皮基底细胞增生（Olfactory Epithelium Hyperplasia Basal Cell）

- 器官 / 系统：鼻 / 呼吸系统（nose / respiratory-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0132
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/nose-olfactory-epithelium-hyperplasia-basal-cell.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#nose-olfactory-epithelium-hyperplasia-basal-cell
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/respiratory-system/nose/OlfactoryEpithelium-HyperplasiaBasalCell
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
嗅上皮基底细胞增生（basal cell hyperplasia of the olfactory epithelium）的特征是基底细胞沿嗅上皮基底膜（basement membrane）增生。

## 病变描述（中文）
嗅上皮基底细胞增生（basal cell hyperplasia of the olfactory epithelium）的特征是基底细胞沿嗅上皮基底膜（basement membrane）增生。增生的细胞在基底膜上方形成一层清晰可辨的细胞层。这些细胞以基底膜为界，不延伸至下方的固有层（lamina propria）（后者是非典型嗅上皮增生的特征——见鼻——上皮——增生，非典型）。通常伴有并发的嗅上皮改变，如变性或呼吸上皮化生。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
当增生的基底细胞未越过基底膜延伸至固有层时，应诊断鼻嗅上皮基底细胞增生并给出严重程度分级。若基底细胞越过基底膜延伸，则应诊断非典型增生（见鼻——上皮——增生，非典型）。相关病变，如炎症或变性，应单独诊断。相关链接：鼻——上皮——增生，非典型

## 英文原文 · Comment
Basal cell hyperplasia of the olfactory epithelium is characterized by a proliferation of basal cells along the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium. The proliferating cells form a distinctly identifiable layer above the basement membrane. The cells are bounded by the basement membrane and do not extend into the subjacent lamina propria (which is a feature of atypical olfactory epithelial hyperplasia - see Nose - Epithelium - Hyperplasia, Atypical ). Usually, there are concurrent olfactory epithelial changes, such as degeneration or respiratory metaplasia.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Basal cell hyperplasia of the nasal olfactory epithelium should be diagnosed and given a severity grade when the proliferating basal cells do not extend beyond the basement membrane into the lamina propria. If the basal cells extend beyond the basement membrane, atypical hyperplasia should be diagnosed (see Nose - Epithelium - Hyperplasia, Atypical ). Associated lesions, such as inflammation or degeneration, should be diagnosed separately. Related Links: Nose - Epithelium - Hyperplasia, Atypical

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0931.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0934.jpg

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