# 牙龈异位组织（Gingiva Ectopic Tissue）

- 器官 / 系统：口腔黏膜 / 消化系统（oral-mucosa / alimentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0225
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/oral-mucosa-gingiva-ectopic-tissue.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#oral-mucosa-gingiva-ectopic-tissue
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/oral-mucosa/Gingiva-EctopicTissue
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
口腔内的异位皮脂腺（ectopic sebaceous glands）也称为福代斯颗粒（Fordyce’s granules）。

## 病变描述（中文）
口腔内的异位皮脂腺（ectopic sebaceous glands）也称为福代斯颗粒（Fordyce’s granules）。组织学上，这些是未与毛囊相关的皮脂腺集合（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3、Figure 4）。磨牙牙龈中的腺体常伴有充满皮脂的囊性扩张导管。在一项检查734只雄性 and 722只雌性F344大鼠的NTP研究中，福代斯颗粒在雄性上切牙正中矢状牙龈中非常常见，且发生率随年龄增长而增加（26周、65周和2年研究中分别为34.2%、50%和56.3%）。异位皮脂腺在雌性中罕见（26周、65周和2年研究中分别为0%、0%和2.8%）。磨牙牙龈的异位皮脂腺在雌雄两性中均非常罕见。异位皮脂腺在大体检查中常不明显，被视为偶然发现。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
该发现应诊断为“口腔黏膜，牙龈 - 异位组织，皮脂腺”。无需分级。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Ectopic sebaceous glands in the oral cavity are also known as Fordyce’s granules. Histologically, these are a collection of sebaceous glands unassociated with hair follicles ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , and Figure 4 ). The glands in the molar gingiva are often associated with cystically dilated ducts filled with sebum. In one NTP study examining 734 male and 722 female F344 rats, Fordyce’s granules were very common in the midsagittal gingiva of the upper incisor in males and increased in incidence with age (34.2%, 50%, and 56.3% in 26-week, 65-week, and 2-year studies, respectively). Ectopic sebaceous glands were rare in females (0%, 0%, and 2.8% in 26-week, 65-week, and 2-year studies, respectively). Ectopic sebaceous glands of the molar gingiva were very rare in both sexes. Ectopic sebaceous glands are often not noticeable on gross examination and are considered an incidental finding.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
This finding should be diagnosed as "Oral mucosa, gingiva - ectopic tissue, sebaceous gland." No grade is necessary.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0022.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0033.jpg

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