# 先天性囊肿（Cyst Congenital）

- 器官 / 系统：甲状旁腺 / 内分泌系统（parathyroid-gland / endocrine-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0052
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/parathyroid-gland-cyst-congenital.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#parathyroid-gland-cyst-congenital
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/endocrine-system/parathyroid-gland/CystCongenital
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
区分甲状旁腺囊肿的甲状舌管起源与鳃后体起源在某种程度上并不明确，因为两者均可能具有纤毛细胞衬里。

## 病变描述（中文）
区分甲状旁腺囊肿的甲状舌管起源与鳃后体起源在某种程度上并不明确，因为两者均可能具有纤毛细胞衬里。因此，“先天性囊肿（congenital cyst）”是首选的术语。在 F344/N rat 和 B6C3F1 mouse 中，这些囊肿可见于甲状旁腺内或邻近甲状旁腺处。先天性囊肿通常由立方至柱状上皮衬里，该上皮可能具有纤毛。囊肿腔可能含有异质性蛋白性物质和细胞碎片。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
对于包含宫内暴露的研究，可能与受试物相关的发育改变可能影响甲状旁腺囊肿的最终存在和外观。甲状舌管囊肿和鳃后体囊肿均应诊断为“parathyroid gland - cyst, congenital”。不需要进行严重程度分级。如果双侧甲状旁腺均受累，诊断应限定为双侧性（双侧（bilateral））。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Distinguishing between a thyroglossal and an ultimobranchial origin for parathyroid cysts is somewhat equivocal since either may have a ciliated cell lining. Consequently, "congenital cyst" is the preferred terminology. These can be seen within or adjacent to the parathyroid gland in rats and mice. Congenital cysts are typically lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium that may be ciliated. Cyst lumens may contain heterogeneous proteinaceous material and cellular debris.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
For studies that include in utero exposure, developmental alterations potentially related to treatment could influence the ultimate presence and appearance of parathyroid cysts. Both thyroglossal and ultimobranchial cysts should be diagnosed as "parathyroid gland - cyst, congenital". A severity grade is not necessary. If both parathyroids are involved, the diagnosis should be qualified as bilateral.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0269.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0267.jpg

整理：北京天融慧通科技有限责任公司（LabSmart）｜ https://www.labsmart.cn