# 包皮炎症（Prepuce Inflammation）

- 器官 / 系统：阴茎 / 雄性生殖系统（penis / reproductive-system-male）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0489
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/penis-prepuce-inflammation.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#penis-prepuce-inflammation
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/reproductive-system-male/penis/Prepuce-Inflammation
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
本病例中包皮的炎症由肿胀和炎症细胞浸润组成，可能与创伤有关。Figure 2、Figure 3 显示包皮的急性炎症（星号）伴表层坏死。

## 病变描述（中文）
本病例中包皮的炎症由肿胀和炎症细胞浸润组成，可能与创伤有关。Figure 2、Figure 3 显示包皮的急性炎症（星号）伴表层坏死。NTP研究将炎症分为五个标准类别：急性（急性（acute））、化脓性（化脓性（suppurative））、慢性（慢性（chronic））、慢性活动性（慢性活动性（chronic-active））和肉芽肿性（肉芽肿性（granulomatous））。在急性炎症中，主要的浸润细胞是中性粒细胞，但也可能存在较少的巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞。还可能有水肿或充血的表现。中性粒细胞也是化脓性炎症中的主要浸润细胞类型，但它们聚集在一起，其中许多发生退变（化脓性渗出物）。渗出物中还可能存在来自 resident 细胞群和浸润白细胞的细胞碎片、含纤维蛋白的蛋白性液体、较少的巨噬细胞、偶见的淋巴细胞或浆细胞，以及可能的感染因子。肉眼观察，这些病变以脓液存在为特征。渗出物周围的组织可能有成纤维细胞、纤维结缔组织和混合性炎症细胞，取决于病变的慢性程度。慢性炎症中以淋巴细胞为主。慢性活动性炎症中也以淋巴细胞为主，但还有显著数量的中性粒细胞。两种病变均可能含有巨噬细胞。肉芽肿性炎症是慢性炎症的另一种形式，但该诊断要求存在显著数量的聚集性、大的活化巨噬细胞、上皮样巨噬细胞或多核巨细胞。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
炎症应记录、分类并分级。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Inflammation of the prepuce in this case consists of swelling and infiltration of inflammatory cells and is likely associated with trauma. Figure 2 and Figure 3 represent acute inflammation (asterisks) of the prepuce with superficial necrosis. NTP studies have five standard categories of inflammation: acute, suppurative, chronic, chronic-active, and granulomatous. In acute inflammation , the predominant infiltrating cell is the neutrophil, though fewer macrophages and lymphocytes may also be present. There may also be evidence of edema or hyperemia. The neutrophil is also the predominant infiltrating cell type in suppurative inflammation , but they are aggregated, and many of them are degenerate (suppurative exudate). Cell debris from both the resident cell populations and infiltrating leukocytes, proteinaceous fluid containing fibrin, fewer macrophages, occasional lymphocytes or plasma cells, and, possibly, an infectious agent may also be present in the exudate. Grossly, these lesions would be characterized by the presence of pus. The tissue surrounding the exudate may have fibroblasts, fibrous connective tissue, and mixed inflammatory cells, depending on the chronicity of the lesion. Lymphocytes predominate in chronic inflammation . Lymphocytes also predominate in chronic-active inflammation , but there are also a significant number of neutrophils. Both lesions may contain macrophages. Granulomatous inflammation is another form of chronic inflammation, but this diagnosis requires the presence of a significant number of aggregated, large, activated macrophages, epithelioid macrophages, or multinucleated giant cells.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Inflammation should be recorded, classified, and graded.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0758.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0762.jpg

整理：北京天融慧通科技有限责任公司（LabSmart）｜ https://www.labsmart.cn