# 核增大（Karyomegaly）

- 器官 / 系统：唾液腺 / 消化系统（salivary-gland / alimentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0238
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/salivary-gland-karyomegaly.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#salivary-gland-karyomegaly
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/salivary-gland/Karyomegaly
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
核增大（karyomegaly，即细胞核增大）在 NTP 研究中是一种不常见的所见。

## 病变描述（中文）
核增大（karyomegaly，即细胞核增大）在 NTP 研究中是一种不常见的所见。增大的细胞核可使整个细胞显得增大。在 NTP 研究中，唾液腺的核增大见于对照和染毒的 F344/N 大鼠、Osborne Mendel 大鼠以及单只 B6C3F1 小鼠（Figure 1、Figure 2）。增大的细胞核也可见于嗜碱性肥大性灶（basophilic hypertrophic foci），尽管其可能被嗜碱性胞质所掩盖。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
只要存在，该病变即应诊断，并根据细胞核的大小和受累细胞核的数量进行分级。位于嗜碱性肥大性灶内或增殖性病变内的核增大不应单独诊断。如果整个细胞增大（包括细胞核），病理学家必须自行判断核增大或肥大（或两者）中哪一个是最合适的诊断。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Karyomegaly (enlarged nuclei) is an uncommon finding in NTP studies. The enlarged nuclei may make the entire cell appear to be enlarged. In NTP studies, karyomegaly in the salivary glands has been seen in control and treated F344/N and Osborne Mendel rats and a single B6C3F1 mouse ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). Enlarged nuclei can also be seen in basophilic hypertrophic foci, although they may be obscured by the basophilic cytoplasm.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Whenever present, this change should be diagnosed and graded based on the size of the nuclei and the number of nuclei affected. Karyomegaly within basophilic hypertrophic foci or within proliferative lesions should not be diagnosed separately. If the entire cell is enlarged (including the nucleus), the pathologist will have to use his or her judgment as to whether kayromegaly or hypertrophy (or both) would be most appropriate diagnosis.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0059.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0066.jpg

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