# 下颌下腺导管细胞质改变（Submandibular Duct Cytoplasmic Alteration）

- 器官 / 系统：唾液腺 / 消化系统（salivary-gland / alimentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0230
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/salivary-gland-submandibular-duct-cytoplasmic-alteration.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#salivary-gland-submandibular-duct-cytoplasmic-alteration
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/salivary-gland/SubmandibularDuct-CytoplasmicAlteration
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
关于啮齿类动物唾液腺性别二态性的讨论，请参见本章引言。此处提供正常雌性（Figure 1）和雄性（Figure 2）唾液腺导管的示例以供比较。

## 病变描述（中文）
关于啮齿类动物唾液腺性别二态性的讨论，请参见本章引言。此处提供正常雌性（Figure 1）和雄性（Figure 2）唾液腺导管的示例以供比较。在雌性中，下颌下唾液腺的细胞质改变表现为迂曲（颗粒）导管颗粒性增加（Figure 3），使其看起来类似于正常雄性唾液腺导管。这种改变是由某些化学物质或激素的雄性化效应所致。在雌性小鼠暴露于雄性化剂时，还可同时发生肾脏鲍曼囊（Bowman’s capsule）壁层上皮由扁平向立方形的化生。细胞质改变通常是一种细微的变化，需要仔细审视。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
细胞质改变应当予以诊断，并根据嗜酸性胞质内颗粒增加的程度以及受累迂曲（颗粒）导管的数量进行分级。

## 英文原文 · Comment
For a discussion on the sexual dimorphism of the salivary gland in rodents, please see the Introduction for this chapter. Examples of the normal female ( Figure 1 ) and male ( Figure 2 ) salivary gland ducts are provided here for comparison. In females, cytoplasmic alteration of the submandibular salivary gland is characterized by an increase in granularity of the convoluted (granular) ducts ( Figure 3 ), such that it appears similar to the normal male salivary gland ducts ( Figure 2 ). This change is due to a masculinizing effect of certain chemicals or hormones. A concomitant metaplasia of the parietal epithelium of Bowman’s capsule in the kidneys from flattened to cuboidal can also occur in the female mouse when exposed to masculinizing agents. Cytoplasmic alteration is often a subtle change requiring careful scrutiny.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Cytoplasmic alteration should be diagnosed and graded based on the degree of increase in eosinophilic intracytoplasmic granules and number of convoluted (granular) ducts affected.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0069.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0074.jpg

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