# 上皮增生（Epithelium Hyperplasia）

- 器官 / 系统：精囊 / 雄性生殖系统（seminal-vesicle / reproductive-system-male）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0480
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/seminal-vesicle-epithelium-hyperplasia.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#seminal-vesicle-epithelium-hyperplasia
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/reproductive-system-male/seminal-vesicle/Epithelium-Hyperplasia
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
精囊（seminal vesicle）增生以腺上皮细胞数量增多为特征。增生的上皮可形成具有支撑性间质并突入腺腔的乳头状结构（Figure 1、Figure 2），或形成网状/筛状结构（Figure 3、Figure 4）。

## 病变描述（中文）
精囊（seminal vesicle）增生以腺上皮细胞数量增多为特征。增生的上皮可形成具有支撑性间质并突入腺腔的乳头状结构（Figure 1、Figure 2），或形成网状/筛状结构（Figure 3、Figure 4）。在上述两种情况下，均可见细胞核拥挤、偶见核分裂象、细胞堆积以及增生上皮轻度嗜碱性。将增生与继发于腔内分泌物减少的腺体塌陷相鉴别很重要。据报道，大鼠在同时暴露于炔雌醇（ethinyl estradiol）或睾酮（testosterone）的情况下接触甲基亚硝基脲（methylnitrosourea）后可发生精囊增生。与增生不同，精囊腺瘤形成边界清楚的增生性生长物，伴有上皮细胞拥挤、正常极性丧失以及周围组织受压。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
增生应当被诊断并分级。如果双侧精囊均受累，诊断应当限定为双侧性，并根据受累较严重的精囊给出严重程度分级。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Hyperplasia of the seminal vesicle is characterized by an increase in the number of glandular epithelial cells. The proliferating epithelium may form papillary structures with supporting stroma and with extension into the glandular lumen ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) or a reticular pattern/cribriform pattern ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 ). In both situations, there is nuclear crowding, occasional mitotic figures, piling up, and slight basophilia of the hyperplastic epithelium. It is important to distinguish hyperplasia from glandular collapse secondary to reduced luminal secretion. Seminal vesicle hyperplasia in rats has been reported following exposure to methylnitrosourea in the presence of either ethinyl estradiol or testosterone. In contrast to hyperplasia, seminal vesicle adenomas form well-delineated proliferative growths with epithelial crowding, loss of normal polarity, and compression of surrounding tissue.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Hyperplasia should be diagnosed and graded. If both seminal vesicles are involved, the diagnosis should be qualified as bilateral and given a severity grade based on the more severely affected seminal vesicle.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0796.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0799.jpg

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