# 水疱（Vesicle）

- 器官 / 系统：皮肤 / 皮肤系统（skin / integumentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0369
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/skin-vesicle.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#skin-vesicle
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/integumentary-system/skin/Vesicle
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
水疱（vesicle）是小的、界限清楚的、角膜下（表皮内）或表皮下的囊样腔隙，内含浆液性液体（Figure 1）。

## 病变描述（中文）
水疱（vesicle）是小的、界限清楚的、角膜下（表皮内）或表皮下的囊样腔隙，内含浆液性液体（Figure 1）。它们代表受损上皮的脱离，由此形成的腔隙被液体填充。水疱可能在接触腐蚀性物质后形成。它们也可能作为皮肤过敏反应的一部分而形成，此时最初可见水肿和充血，最终形成水疱。水疱通常出现在皮肤损伤后急性炎症的初期阶段，但在研究结束时往往不存在。因此，它们是相对罕见的所见。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
由于水疱可以提供关于对受试物反应严重程度的信息，或者可能提示过敏型反应，因此只要存在水疱就应记录并分级。分级应基于大小和数量。皮肤中其他相关病变，如炎症或坏死，应单独诊断。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Vesicles are small, circumscribed, subcorneal (intraepidermal) or subepidermal cystlike spaces that contain serous fluid ( Figure 1 ). They represent detachment of damaged epithelium with the resulting space being filled by fluid. Vesicles may form after exposure to caustic agents. They may also form as part of an allergic response in the skin in which edema and congestion are seen initially, followed eventually by vesicle formation. Vesicles typically occur in the initial stages of acute inflammation after skin injury but are not often present at the end of a study. Consequently, they are a relatively rare finding.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Because they can provide information regarding the severity of a response to a test agent, or they may suggest an allergic type of response, vesicles should be recorded and graded whenever present. Grading should be based on size and number. Other associated lesions in the skin, such as inflammation or necrosis, should be diagnosed separately.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0499.jpg

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