# 脂肪细胞化生（Adipocyte Metaplasia）

- 器官 / 系统：脾脏 / 免疫系统（spleen / immune-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0042
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/spleen-adipocyte-metaplasia.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#spleen-adipocyte-metaplasia
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/immune-system/spleen/AdipocyteMetaplasia
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
在慢性毒性/致癌性研究中，脾脏中偶可见脂肪细胞（adipocyte），但可能与受试物无关。

## 病变描述（中文）
在慢性毒性/致癌性研究中，脾脏中偶可见脂肪细胞（adipocyte），但可能与受试物无关。据报道，在暴露于某些芳香胺（如苯胺、盐酸苯胺、对氯苯胺）的大鼠脾脏红髓中以及患有脾脏间叶性肿瘤的大鼠中可见此病变。该病变的特征是红髓内出现分化良好的脂肪细胞（Figure 1、Figure 2，箭头所示），周围环绕纤维性间质（Figure 2，箭头头所示），尽管纤维化不一定总是显著。通常累及红髓，病变可为局灶性（focal）、nodular和/或弥漫性（diffuse）。这些细胞最可能来源于脾脏间质细胞的化生。既往使用的术语包括脾脏的“脂质沉积症（lipidosis）”、“脂肪浸润（fatty infiltration）”、“脂肪变态（fatty metamorphosis）”和“脂质化生（lipid metaplasia）”。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
无论何时出现，脾脏脂肪细胞化生均应作出诊断并赋予严重程度分级。如果该病变与肿瘤同时存在或继发于肿瘤，则不应记录，但应在病理学叙述中加以描述。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Adipocytes are occasionally seen in the spleen in chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity studies but may be unrelated to treatment. It has been reported in the red pulp of rats exposed to some aromatic amines (e.g., aniline, aniline hydrochloride, para-chloroaniline) and in rats with splenic mesenchymal neoplasms. This lesion is characterized by well-differentiated adipocytes in the red pulp ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 , arrows), surrounded by a fibrous stroma ( Figure 2 , arrowhead), although fibrosis may not always be prominent. The red pulp is typically involved, and the lesion may be focal, nodular, and/or diffuse. These cells most likely arise by metaplasia of splenic stromal cells. Previous terms include "lipidosis," "fatty infiltration," "fatty metamorphosis," and "lipid metaplasia" of the spleen.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Whenever present, adipocyte metaplasia of the spleen should be diagnosed and assigned a severity grade. If this lesion is present concurrently or secondarily to neoplasia, it should not be recorded but should be described in the pathology narrative.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0416.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0415.jpg

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