# 水肿（Edema）

- 器官 / 系统：前胃 / 消化系统（stomach-forestomach / alimentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0212
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/stomach-forestomach-edema.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#stomach-forestomach-edema
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/stomach-forestomach/Edema
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
水肿液在制片过程中常丢失，表现为组织中的空白区域（Figure 1、Figure 2），尽管蛋白含量较高的水肿液在切片中呈更强的嗜酸性。

## 病变描述（中文）
水肿液在制片过程中常丢失，表现为组织中的空白区域（Figure 1、Figure 2），尽管蛋白含量较高的水肿液在切片中呈更强的嗜酸性。水肿是调节血浆、间质和细胞之间正常液体分布的任一因素发生改变的结果，例如血管通透性增加、血管内静水压升高、血管内渗透压降低和淋巴引流减少。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
当水肿在没有其他病变的情况下出现时，应当记录并分级。然而，水肿通常是另一过程的组成部分，例如急性炎症，因此通常不单独记录。如果水肿是病变的重要组成部分，则可在原发病变之外另行记录。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Edema fluid is often lost at processing and appears as clear spaces in tissues ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ), although edema fluid with a higher protein content will be more eosinophilic in sections. Edema is the result of alteration in any of the factors that regulate normal fluid distribution among the plasma, interstitium, and cells, such as increased vascular permeability, increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure, decreased intravascular osmotic pressure, and decreased lymphatic drainage.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
When edema is seen in the absence of other lesions, it should be recorded and graded. However, edema is typically a component of another process, such as acute inflammation, so it is not typically recorded separately. If it is a significant component of the lesion, it may be recorded in addition to the primary lesion.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0078.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0094.jpg

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