# 囊肿（Cyst）

- 器官 / 系统：腺胃 / 消化系统（stomach-glandular-stomach / alimentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0267
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/stomach-glandular-stomach-cyst.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#stomach-glandular-stomach-cyst
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/stomach-glandular-stomach/Cyst
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
腺胃囊肿通常见于幽门窦，可延伸至黏膜下层，内衬分化良好的上皮细胞。胃底腺囊肿的发生率随动物年龄增长而升高，几乎所有15月龄以上的大鼠均存在。

## 病变描述（中文）
腺胃囊肿通常见于幽门窦，可延伸至黏膜下层，内衬分化良好的上皮细胞。胃底腺囊肿的发生率随动物年龄增长而升高，几乎所有15月龄以上的大鼠均存在。囊肿内衬立方至扁平的主细胞、壁细胞或黏液细胞。囊腔内含黏液或混合性炎性渗出物。偶见囊肿周围纤维化及慢性炎性细胞浸润。老年大鼠的腺囊肿常伴有矿物质沉积。腺囊肿与腺体扩张的鉴别在于：囊肿通常为单发、体积较大，内衬变薄的上皮；而腺体扩张通常累及多个腺体，扩张的轮廓常不规则，即不具有界限清楚的圆形结构（见胃，腺胃-腺体-扩张）。与腺体扩张相比，囊肿与处理因素相关的可能性较小。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
囊肿应予以诊断，但通常不分级。相关链接：胃，腺胃-腺体-扩张

## 英文原文 · Comment
Cysts in the glandular stomach are usually found in the pyloric antrum, extend into the submucosa, and are lined by well-differentiated epithelial cells. Glandular cysts in the fundus occur with increased frequency as the animal ages and are present in virtually all rats older than 15 months. The cysts are lined by cuboidal to flattened chief, parietal, or mucous cells. The lumen contains mucus or mixed inflammatory exudates. Occasionally cysts are surrounded by fibrosis and chronic inflammatory infiltrates. Glandular cysts are frequently associated with mineralized deposits in aged rats. Glandular cysts are differentiated from glandular dilation, as the cysts are usually solitary, larger, and lined by attenuated epithelium, whereas glandular dilation usually involves multiple glands and the dilatation is often irregular in profile, that is, does not have a well-circumscribed circular structure (see Stomach, Glandular Stomach - Glands - Dilation ). Cysts are less likely to be associated with treatment than is glandular dilation.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Cysts should be diagnosed but typically are not graded. Related Links: Stomach, Glandular Stomach - Glands - Dilation

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0117.jpg

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