# 上皮增生（Epithelium Hyperplasia）

- 器官 / 系统：腺胃 / 消化系统（stomach-glandular-stomach / alimentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0263
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/stomach-glandular-stomach-epithelium-hyperplasia.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#stomach-glandular-stomach-epithelium-hyperplasia
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/stomach-glandular-stomach/Epithelium-Hyperplasia
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
在NTP小鼠研究中，腺胃病变相当罕见。腺胃黏膜增生在对照组中不常见，但可见于再生性增生，例如溃疡或糜烂边缘处。

## 病变描述（中文）
在NTP小鼠研究中，腺胃病变相当罕见。腺胃黏膜增生在对照组中不常见，但可见于再生性增生，例如溃疡或糜烂边缘处。腺体增生的特征为黏膜内腺体密度增加。在大鼠中，增生可能是癌前病变。小鼠中偶见局灶性（focal）增生。然而，在小鼠中这不被视为癌前改变；在伴有腺胃癌的研究中其发生率并未增加，且尚未观察到从局灶性增生进展为腺癌。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
腺胃增生的诊断和分级基于病变范围及胃腺内细胞数量。当诊断为非典型性（atypical）增生时，应在病理描述中清楚描述其非典型性特征（见胃，腺胃－上皮－增生，非典型性）。相关病变，如坏死和炎症，应单独诊断。如果认为增生继发于坏死或炎症（例如再生性），应在病理描述中明确说明。相关链接：胃，腺胃－上皮－增生，非典型性

## 英文原文 · Comment
Glandular stomach lesions are quite rare in NTP mouse studies. Hyperplasia of the glandular stomach mucosa is not common in controls but may be seen in regenerative hyperplasia, such as at the margin of an ulcer or erosion. Glandular hyperplasia is characterized by an increase in density of glands within the mucosa. In rats, hyperplasia may be a preneoplastic lesion. Focal hyperplasia is seen occasionally in mice. However, in mice this is not considered to be a preneoplastic change; the incidence is not increased in studies with adenocarcinomas of the glandular stomach, and progression from focal hyperplasia to adenocarcinoma has not been observed.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Hyperplasia of the glandular stomach is diagnosed and graded based on the extent of the lesion and the number of cells within the gastric glands. When atypical hyperplasia is diagnosed, the atypical features should be clearly described in the pathology narrative (see Stomach, Glandular Stomach - Epithelium - Hyperplasia, Atypical ). Associated lesions, such as necrosis and inflammation, should be diagnosed separately. If the hyperplasia is thought to be secondary to necrosis or inflammation (e.g., regenerative), it should be made clear in the pathology narrative. Related Links: Stomach, Glandular Stomach - Epithelium - Hyperplasia, Atypical

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0120.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0123.jpg

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