# 淋巴细胞非典型增生（Atypical Hyperplasia Lymphocyte）

- 器官 / 系统：胸腺 / 免疫系统（thymus / immune-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0023
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/thymus-atypical-hyperplasia-lymphocyte.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#thymus-atypical-hyperplasia-lymphocyte
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/immune-system/thymus/AtypicalHyperplasiaLymphocyte
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
胸腺淋巴细胞非典型性增生（非典型性（atypical） hyperplasia of the thymic lymphocytes）已在经化学处理的B6C3F1小鼠和p53缺陷小鼠中有描述。

## 病变描述（中文）
胸腺淋巴细胞非典型性增生（非典型性（atypical） hyperplasia of the thymic lymphocytes）已在经化学处理的B6C3F1小鼠和p53缺陷小鼠中有描述。该病变也发生于其他可发生胸腺淋巴瘤的小鼠品系，并可能发生于化学诱导胸腺淋巴瘤的大鼠。它可以是单侧的或双侧的；当为单侧时，未受累的叶通常大于异常叶（Figure 1，箭头），并且可能发生另一叶的萎缩。该病变的特征是小淋巴细胞耗竭以及正常胸腺皮质髓质交界消失的弥漫性改变。正常胸腺结构被一片大的非典型淋巴细胞所取代，其中包括淋巴母细胞和较少、混杂的小淋巴细胞（Figure 2）；这些细胞不超出胸腺被膜。胸腺淋巴细胞非典型性增生被视为一种增殖性改变，可能进展为淋巴瘤，尽管它也可能不发生进展。这一推测的癌前病变可通过淋巴细胞的异质性细胞群体、核分裂率和缺乏被膜侵袭与淋巴瘤相鉴别。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
无论何时出现，胸腺淋巴细胞非典型性增生均应作出诊断并赋予严重程度分级。应在病理学叙述中注明该病变存在于一个还是两个胸腺叶。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Atypical hyperplasia of the thymic lymphocytes has been described in chemically treated B6C3F1 and p53-deficient mice. This lesion also occurs in other mouse strains that develop thymic lymphomas and possibly in rats with chemically induced thymic lymphomas. It may be unilateral or bilateral; when unilateral, the unaffected lobe is typically larger than the abnormal lobe ( Figure 1 , arrow), and atrophy of the other lobe may occur. This lesion is characterized by depletion of small lymphocytes and a diffuse change with loss of the normal thymic corticomedullary junction. Normal thymic architecture is replaced by a sheet of large, atypical lymphocytes, including lymphoblasts and fewer, admixed small lymphocytes ( Figure 2 ); these cells do not extend beyond the capsule of the thymus. Atypical hyperplasia of the thymic lymphocytes is regarded as a proliferative change that may progress to lymphoma, although it may occur without progression. This putative preneoplastic lesion can be differentiated from lymphoma by the heterogeneous population of lymphocytes, mitotic rate, and lack of capsular invasion.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Whenever present, atypical hyperplasia of the thymic lymphocytes should be diagnosed and assigned a severity grade. It should be noted in the pathology narrative whether the lesion is present in one or both thymic lobes.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0452.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0458.jpg

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