# 黏膜纤维上皮性息肉（Mucosa Fibroepithelial Polyp）

- 器官 / 系统：舌 / 消化系统（tongue / alimentary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0300
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/tongue-mucosa-fibroepithelial-polyp.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#tongue-mucosa-fibroepithelial-polyp
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/tongue/Mucosa-FibroepithelialPolyp
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
由分化良好的鳞状上皮（有时为增生性上皮）结节状生长、并由纤维性间质支撑的良性息肉样病变，偶见于啮齿类动物。

## 病变描述（中文）
由分化良好的鳞状上皮（有时为增生性上皮）结节状生长、并由纤维性间质支撑的良性息肉样病变，偶见于啮齿类动物。这些病变与舌黏膜相连，尽管附着部位常不在切片平面内（Figure 1、Figure 2）。支撑上皮的固有层常发生矿化。这些病变必须与乳头状瘤相鉴别，后者被认为是良性肿瘤。乳头状瘤由鳞状上皮细胞构成，表现为显著（marked）棘层肥厚、角化过度和乳头状生长方式，而纤维上皮性息肉由无显著异常的纤维性间质构成，表面覆盖非乳头状的增生性鳞状上皮。鳞状乳头状瘤由三个区域组成：血管化的内层增殖性结缔组织核心；中层为增殖的复层鳞状上皮，基底细胞界限清楚；外层为角蛋白表面。与乳头状瘤一样，纤维上皮性息肉的附着部位常呈蒂状。间质矿化在纤维上皮性息肉中常见，而角化过度通常不是其显著特征。纤维上皮性息肉一般被认为是偶然发现，不是肿瘤性的。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
纤维上皮性息肉无论何时出现，都应诊断，但不进行分级。任何伴随的炎症（如果存在）不应单独诊断，除非其异常严重并延伸至舌本身。任何矿化都不应单独诊断。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Benign polypoid lesions consisting of a nodular growth of well-differentiated squamous, sometimes hyperplastic, epithelium supported by fibrous stroma occasionally occur in rodents. These lesions are continuous with the tongue mucosa, although the attachment site is often not in the plane of section ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). The lamina propria supporting the epithelium is often mineralized. These lesions must be differentiated from papillomas, which are considered to be benign neoplasms. Papillomas are composed of squamous epithelial cells that exhibit marked acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and a papillary growth pattern, whereas fibroepithelial polyps consist of an unremarkable fibrous stroma covered by a nonpapillary layer of hyperplastic squamous epithelium. Squamous papillomas consist of three zones: a vascularized, inner, proliferative connective tissue core; a middle area of proliferating stratified squamous epithelium with well-defined basal cells; and an outer surface of keratin. As with papillomas, the attachment site for fibroepithelial polyps frequently is stalklike. Mineralization of the stroma is common in fibroepithelial polyps, and hyperkeratosis is not typically a prominent feature. Fibroepithelial polyps are generally considered incidental findings and are not neoplastic.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Whenever present, fibroepithelial polyps should be diagnosed but not graded. Any associated inflammation, if present, should not be diagnosed separately unless it is unusually severe and extends into the tongue itself. Any mineralization should not be diagnosed separately.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0179.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0173.jpg

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