# 血管扩张（Angiectasis）

- 器官 / 系统：膀胱 / 泌尿系统（urinary-bladder / urinary-system）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0200
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/urinary-bladder-angiectasis.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#urinary-bladder-angiectasis
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/urinary-system/urinary-bladder/Angiectasis
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
膀胱内的局灶性（focal）血管扩张可诊断为血管扩张（angiectasis）（Figure 1、Figure 2）。

## 病变描述（中文）
膀胱内的局灶性（focal）血管扩张可诊断为血管扩张（angiectasis）（Figure 1、Figure 2）。这些病变通常报告为自发性病变，但也有报道与血管扩张性化学物质相关。血管扩张常见于黏膜下层，表现为局灶性或多灶性（multifocal）的病变，往往形态不规则且边界不清。血管扩张必须与血管瘤（hemangioma）相鉴别。两者的区分并不总是显而易见：血管瘤往往为边界清楚、无包膜的肿块，由紧密排列的扩张血管腔构成，每个血管腔由单层形态正常的内皮细胞围成并衬覆，内皮细胞排列于薄层胶原性间质上。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
血管扩张应当诊断并给予严重程度分级。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Focal blood vessel dilation in the urinary bladder may be diagnosed as angiectasis ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). These lesions are typically reported as spontaneous lesions but have been reported with vasodilating chemicals. Angiectasis is commonly noted in the submucosa as a focal or multifocal finding that tends to be irregular and not well circumscribed Angiectasis must be differentiated from hemangioma. The distinction is not always obvious: hemangiomas tend to be well circumscribed, unencapsulated masses composed of tightly packed dilated vascular spaces, each enclosed and lined by a single layer of normal-appearing endothelial cells aligned on a thin collagenous stroma.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Angiectasis should be diagnosed and given a severity grade.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_1125.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_1127.jpg

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