# 囊肿（Cyst）

- 器官 / 系统：阴道 / 雌性生殖系统（vagina / reproductive-system-female）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0559
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/vagina-cyst.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#vagina-cyst
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/reproductive-system-female/vagina/Cyst
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
在大鼠阴道壁中罕见发现囊肿（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3）。

## 病变描述（中文）
在大鼠阴道壁中罕见发现囊肿（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3）。这些囊肿通常由复层鳞状上皮（stratified squamous epithelium）衬覆，内含角蛋白和细胞物质，其中可能含有炎性碎片。这些囊肿是扩张的、充满液体的结构，具有上皮衬覆。它们可能具有平滑肌壁（中肾管残余，mesonephric duct remnant），也可能伴有鳞状化生（squamous metaplasia）和/或角化。囊肿不得与脓肿相混淆，脓肿主要充满处于不同降解阶段的中性粒细胞，且不具有上皮衬覆。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
阴道 - 囊肿应予以诊断，但无需分级。如果囊肿似乎与处理相关，且分级有助于表征处理效应，病理学家可自行决定对其进行分级。相关的炎性改变不应单独诊断，除非其严重程度足以支持单独诊断。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Cysts are rarely found in the walls of rat vaginas ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 ). These are usually lined by stratified squamous epithelium and filled with keratin and cellular material, which may have inflammatory debris. These cysts are dilated, fluid-filled structures with an epithelial lining. They may have a smooth muscle wall (mesonephric duct remnant) and also may have squamous metaplasia and/or keratinization. Cysts must not be confused with abscesses, which are predominantly filled with neutrophils in various stages of degradation and do not have an epithelial lining.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Vagina - Cyst should be diagnosed but need not be graded. If the cysts appear to be treatment related, they may be graded at the pathologist’s discretion if grading would help characterize the treatment effect. Associated inflammatory changes should not be diagnosed separately unless warranted by severity.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0698.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0701.jpg

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