# 扩张（Dilation）

- 器官 / 系统：阴道 / 雌性生殖系统（vagina / reproductive-system-female）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0562
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/vagina-dilation.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#vagina-dilation
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/reproductive-system-female/vagina/Dilation
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
阴道扩张（Figure 1、Figure 2）通常继发于阴道闭锁。在幼犬中，内胚层膜正常情况下封闭阴道，该膜通常在青春期消失，阴道随之通畅。

## 病变描述（中文）
阴道扩张（Figure 1、Figure 2）通常继发于阴道闭锁。在幼犬中，内胚层膜正常情况下封闭阴道，该膜通常在青春期消失，阴道随之通畅。若此过程未发生，其后果即为阴道囊性扩张。这种扩张也可能与子宫积黏液、炎症及上皮增生相关。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
阴道——当切片上扩张原因不明显时，应诊断并分级为扩张。然而，若阴道闭锁且在切片上明显可见，则应作出阴道闭锁的诊断。继发性病变，如炎症，除非严重程度足以支持，否则不应单独诊断。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Dilation of the vagina ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) usually occurs secondary to an imperforate vagina. An endodermal membrane normally occludes the vagina in the pup, and this typically disappears at puberty and the vagina becomes patent. When this does not happen, the consequence is cystic dilation of the vagina. This dilation may also be associated with mucometra, inflammation, and hyperplasia of the epithelium.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Vagina - Dilatation should be diagnosed and graded when the cause of the dilation is not apparent on the slide. However, if the vagina is imperforate, and this is apparent on the slide, then the diagnosis of imperforate vagina should be made. Secondary lesions, such as inflammation, should not be diagnosed separately unless warranted by severity.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0699.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0696.jpg

整理：北京天融慧通科技有限责任公司（LabSmart）｜ https://www.labsmart.cn