# 色素（Pigment）

- 器官 / 系统：阴道 / 雌性生殖系统（vagina / reproductive-system-female）
- NTP 数据编号：ntp-0566
- 规范 URL：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/vagina-pigment.html
- 中文图谱总页锚点：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#vagina-pigment
- 原始出处：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/reproductive-system-female/vagina/Pigment
- 授权：美国联邦政府作品，公有领域；引用请标注 NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas
- 适用说明：仅供科研使用，不用于临床诊断

## 一句话结论
阴道内有时可见金黄色至深棕色色素（Figure 1、Figure 2）。继发于局部出血的含铁血黄素（hemosiderin）是最常见的类型，但也可见其他类型。

## 病变描述（中文）
阴道内有时可见金黄色至深棕色色素（Figure 1、Figure 2）。继发于局部出血的含铁血黄素（hemosiderin）是最常见的类型，但也可见其他类型。

## 诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识，中文）
阴道——色素：当认为色素与研究相关（或不清楚是否与研究相关）时，或当色素异常显著时，应当诊断为色素。并非所有色素都必须诊断，因为有些色素在老龄动物中普遍存在，或继发于其他疾病过程（例如出血），不具有毒理学意义。病理学家应运用其判断力决定是否应当诊断该色素。即使使用一系列特殊染色，在组织学切片中明确鉴定色素类型通常也很困难。因此，最恰当的诊断是“色素”（而非诊断色素类型，例如含铁血黄素或脂褐素）。病理学描述应描述色素沉着的形态学特征。当诊断为色素时，应当给出严重程度分级。

## 英文原文 · Comment
Golden brown to darker brown pigment is sometimes seen in the vagina ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). Hemosiderin secondary to local hemorrhage is the most common type, but other types may be seen.

## 英文原文 · Recommendation
Vagina - Pigment should be diagnosed when it is considered to be relevant to the study (or if it is unclear whether it is relevant to the study) or if it is unusually prominent. Not all pigments have to be diagnosed, as some are ubiquitous in aging animals or are secondary to another disease process (e.g., hemorrhage) and not toxicologically meaningful. The pathologist should use his or her judgment in deciding whether or not the pigment should be diagnosed. Definitive pigment identification is often difficult in histologic sections, even with a battery of special stains. Therefore, a diagnosis of "pigment" (as opposed to diagnosing the type of pigment, e.g., hemosiderin or lipofuscin) is most appropriate. The pathology narrative should describe the morphologic features of the pigmentation. When pigment is diagnosed, it should be given a severity grade.

## 配图
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0714.jpg
- https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas-images/ntp_0713.jpg

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