组织细胞性细胞浸润Infiltration Cellular Histiocyte · 骨髓 · 造血系统 · NTP ntp-0431
诊断要点：组织细胞浸润应对研究中所有动物一致记录并分级。分级基于浸润程度和/或聚集数量。相关链接：骨髓 - 坏死（Bone Marrow - Necrosis）
病变描述
组织细胞浸润（histiocytic infiltration）定义为骨髓中巨噬细胞（macrophage）或组织细胞（histiocyte）数量增多。这些巨噬细胞可呈空泡化（vacuolated）和/或含有数量不等的细胞碎片、胆固醇裂隙（cholesterol cleft）或色素（如含铁血黄素（hemosiderin）），通常以界限不清、无组织的聚集形式存在（Figure 1、Figure 2、Figure 3、Figure 4）。"组织细胞浸润"一词仅用于巨噬细胞浸润存在而无其他炎症证据的情况。若出现（a）上皮样（epithelioid）或多核巨噬细胞，可形成有组织的聚集（肉芽肿（granuloma）），（b）该区域存在其他炎症细胞，或（c）血管改变，如水肿（edema），则需诊断为肉芽肿性炎症（肉芽肿性（granulomatous） inflammation）。组织细胞浸润通常代表一种反应性过程，其在啮齿类动物中的原因尚未明确。具有细胞毒性（cytotoxic）并引起骨髓坏死的化合物可导致巨噬细胞数量增多，以清除细胞碎片。此外，任何能够引起骨髓损伤或炎症的病症均可导致巨噬细胞增多。在其他物种（人类和犬）中，非炎症性组织细胞浸润与骨髓增生（bone marrow hyperplasia）、无效造血（ineffective hematopoiesis）或血细胞破坏增加有关。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
组织细胞浸润应对研究中所有动物一致记录并分级。分级基于浸润程度和/或聚集数量。相关链接：骨髓 - 坏死（Bone Marrow - Necrosis）
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Histiocytic infiltration is defined as an increase in the numbers of macrophages or histiocytes in the bone marrow. These macrophages may be vacuolated and/or contain variable amounts of cellular debris, cholesterol clefts, or pigment (e.g., hemosiderin) and are usually found in ill-defined, unorganized aggregates ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , and, Figure 4 ). Use of the term “histiocytic infiltration” is reserved for those instances when macrophage infiltration is present without other evidence of inflammation. The presence of (a) epithelioid or multinucleated macrophages, which may form organized aggregates (granulomas), (b) other inflammatory cells in the area, or (c) vascular changes, such as edema, warrants a diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation. Histiocytic infiltration usually represents a reactive process, the reasons for which are not well defined in rodents. Compounds that are cytotoxic and cause necrosis of the bone marrow may result in increased numbers of macrophages, which serve to remove the cellular debris. In addition, any condition capable of causing bone marrow injury or inflammation can result in increased macrophages. In other species (humans and dogs), noninflammatory histiocytic infiltrates have been associated with bone marrow hyperplasia, ineffective hematopoiesis, or increased breakdown of blood cells.
Recommendation：
Histiocytic infiltration should be consistently recorded and graded for all animals in a study. Grading is based on the degree of infiltration and/or numbers of aggregates. Related Links: Bone Marrow - Necrosis
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/hematopoietic-system/bone-marrow/InfiltrationCellularHistiocyte
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Infiltration Cellular Histiocyte (bone-marrow). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/bone-marrow-infiltration-cellular-histiocyte.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#bone-marrow-infiltration-cellular-histiocyte