血管扩张Angiectasis · 舌 · 消化系统 · NTP ntp-0297
诊断要点：血管扩张只要存在即应作出诊断，并给予严重程度分级。
病变描述
舌的血管性病变在NTP研究中很少见。血管扩张（angiectasis，血管扩张症）主要是一种自发性、与年龄相关的病变。其原因通常未知，但偶尔可能是对化学性损伤的反应。血管扩张由广泛扩张的血管腔隙构成，其内衬为无明显异常的内皮细胞（Figure 1、Figure 2）。血管数量无明显增加，器官的间质未发生改变。血管扩张应与血管瘤（hemangioma）相鉴别，但两者之间的区分往往并不明确。血管瘤倾向于为边界清楚、无包膜的肿块，由紧密排列的扩张血管腔隙构成。每个血管腔隙内衬单层外观正常的内皮细胞，这些细胞排列于胶原性间隔上，间隔通常较薄，尽管有些具有宽阔的胶原性间质。血管扩张通常不表现为边界清楚的肿块，因为扩张的血管通道常不规则地穿行于结缔组织之中。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
血管扩张只要存在即应作出诊断，并给予严重程度分级。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Vascular lesions of the tongue are rarely encountered in NTP studies. Angiectasis (vascular ectasia) is primarily a spontaneous age-related lesion. The cause is generally not known but occasionally can be a response to chemical injury. Angiectasis consists of widely dilated vascular spaces that are lined by unremarkable endothelial cells ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). There is no apparent increase in numbers of vessels, and the stroma of the organ is unaltered. Angiectasis should be distinguished from hemangioma, but the distinction often is not clear. Hemangiomas tend to be well-circumscribed unencapsulated masses composed of tightly packed dilated vascular spaces. Each vascular space is lined by a single layer of normal-appearing endothelial cells aligned on collagenous septa, which are usually thin, although some have broad collagenous stroma. Angiectasis does not usually present as a well-circumscribed mass, as the dilated vascular channels often course irregularly through connective tissue.
Recommendation：
Angiectasis should be diagnosed whenever present and given a severity grade.
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/tongue/Angiectasis
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Angiectasis (tongue). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/tongue-angiectasis.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#tongue-angiectasis