纤维化Fibrosis · 舌 · 消化系统 · NTP ntp-0295
诊断要点：当纤维化在没有其他病变的情况下发生时，应当诊断并分级。当纤维化是慢性炎症的组成部分时，不应单独诊断，除非其特别显著或相对于炎症的严重程度而言严重程度不成比例，或者病理学家认为它是需要突出显示的重要病变。
病变描述
纤维化（fibrosis）（Figure 1、Figure 2）的特征是成纤维细胞及相关胶原增多，通常为组织损伤的后遗症。当组织框架发生坏死且该空间被纤维血管组织（肉芽组织）填充，最终被成熟结缔组织取代形成瘢痕时，即形成纤维化。纤维化常伴有炎症，炎症在过程早期可能为慢性活动性，但通常为慢性。纤维化也见于脓肿，此时机体试图将致病因子包裹隔离。纤维化可能是与治疗相关的病变，但也可能是偶然发现。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
当纤维化在没有其他病变的情况下发生时，应当诊断并分级。当纤维化是慢性炎症的组成部分时，不应单独诊断，除非其特别显著或相对于炎症的严重程度而言严重程度不成比例，或者病理学家认为它是需要突出显示的重要病变。相关病变如显著，应当单独诊断（例如坏死、炎症）。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Fibrosis ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) is characterized by an increase in fibroblasts and associated collagen and is usually a sequela of tissue damage. Fibrosis forms when there is necrosis of the tissue framework and the space is filled with fibrovascular tissue (granulation tissue), which is eventually replaced by mature connective tissue forming a scar. Fibrosis is often accompanied by inflammation, which may be chronic active early in the process but is often chronic. Fibrosis is also seen with abscesses where the body is attempting to wall off the inciting agent. Fibrosis may be a treatment-related lesion but can also be an incidental finding.
Recommendation：
When it occurs in absence of other lesions, fibrosis should be diagnosed and graded. When it is a component of chronic inflammation, fibrosis should not be diagnosed separately unless it is particularly prominent or disproportionately severe relative to the severity of the inflammation, or if the pathologist feels it is an important lesion that needs to be highlighted. Associated lesions, if prominent, should be diagnosed separately (e.g., necrosis, inflammation).
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/tongue/Fibrosis
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Fibrosis (tongue). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/tongue-fibrosis.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#tongue-fibrosis