血管扩张Angiectasis · 牙齿 · 消化系统 · NTP ntp-0262
诊断要点：血管扩张一旦出现即应作出诊断并给予严重程度分级。
病变描述
牙髓位于牙髓腔内，由纤细的结缔组织构成，其间散布小血管、淋巴管、感觉神经和原始结缔组织细胞。牙齿的血管扩张（angiectasis，血管扩张症）表现为牙髓腔内大小不一、扩张的血管腔隙，内衬单层分化良好的内皮（Figure 1、Figure 2）。血管数量无明显增多，器官间质未发生改变。牙髓血管扩张是一种常见的偶然性发现。血管扩张与血管瘤之间的区别可能并不明确。血管瘤往往呈边界清楚、无包膜的肿块，由紧密排列的扩张血管腔隙构成。每个血管腔隙均被单层外观正常的内皮细胞所包绕并衬覆，这些内皮细胞排列于胶原性间隔上，间隔通常较薄，但部分具有宽阔的胶原性间质。血管扩张通常不表现为边界清楚的肿块，因为扩张的血管通道常不规则地穿行于结缔组织之中。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
血管扩张一旦出现即应作出诊断并给予严重程度分级。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
The dental pulp is located in the pulp cavity and is composed of delicate connective tissue interspersed with small blood vessels, lymphatics, sensory nerves, and primitive connective tissue cells. Angiectasis (vascular ectasia) of the tooth consists of variable-sized, dilated vascular spaces lined by a single layer of well-differentiated endothelium ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) in the pulp cavity. There is no apparent increase in numbers of vessels, and the stroma of the organ is unaltered. Angiectasis in the pulp is a common incidental finding. The difference between angiectasis and hemangioma can be unclear. Hemangiomas tend to be well-circumscribed unencapsulated masses composed of tightly packed dilated vascular spaces. Each vascular space is enclosed and lined by a single layer of normal-appearing endothelial cells aligned on collagenous septa, which are usually thin, although some have broad collagenous stroma. Angiectasis does not usually present as a well-circumscribed mass, as the dilated vascular channels often course irregularly through connective tissue.
Recommendation：
Angiectasis should be diagnosed and given a severity grade whenever present.
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/tooth/Angiectasis
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Angiectasis (tooth). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/tooth-angiectasis.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#tooth-angiectasis