梗死Infarct · 肾上腺 · 内分泌系统 · NTP ntp-0073
诊断要点:梗死应诊断为梗死,而不是分别诊断其各个组成部分(例如坏死、炎症、纤维化)。应根据肾上腺受累范围进行分级。
病变描述
肾上腺梗死可能与局部组织或血管损伤、高凝状态或任何其他导致血栓形成的原因有关。因此,散发性肾上腺梗死可作为背景病变出现。肾上腺梗死可为局灶性(focal)或多灶性(multifocal),并可为急性或慢性。急性肾上腺梗死导致特征性楔形病变内的凝固性坏死(Figure 1、Figure 2),并可能伴有程度不等的出血。该病变在慢性阶段进展为组织塌陷、萎缩及纤维化替代;也可能出现矿化或色素沉着。肾上腺的多灶性或弥漫性(diffuse)梗死可能提示全身性血管病、全身性炎症或脓毒症。
诊断与分级建议(NTP 共识)
梗死应诊断为梗死,而不是分别诊断其各个组成部分(例如坏死、炎症、纤维化)。应根据肾上腺受累范围进行分级。在病理学描述中,梗死应标明为急性或慢性,如有可能,应确定梗死的原因。
图谱


英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment:
Infarction of the adrenal gland may be associated with local tissue or vascular damage, hypercoagulation, or any other cause of thrombosis. Thus, sporadic infarction of the adrenal gland may occur as a background lesion. Adrenal infarction may be focal or multifocal, and acute or chronic. Acute adrenal infarction results in coagulative necrosis in a characteristic wedge-shaped lesion ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) and may be associated with variable amounts of hemorrhage. This lesion progresses to tissue collapse, atrophy, and replacement by fibrosis in chronic stages; mineralization or pigmentation may also be present. Multifocal or diffuse infarction of the adrenal gland may indicate a systemic vasculopathy, generalized inflammation, or sepsis.
Recommendation:
Infarcts should be diagnosed as infarcts rather than diagnosing the individual components (e.g., necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis). They should be graded according to the extent of adrenal gland involvement. In the pathology narrative, infarcts should be designated as either acute or chronic, and if possible, the cause of the infarct should be identified.
来源与引用
原始条目:https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/endocrine-system/adrenal-gland/Infarct
图谱总目录:NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品(公有领域),可引用;引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式:NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Infarct (adrenal-gland). LabSmart 中文版:
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/adrenal-gland-infarct.html
中文图谱总页(可展开对照全部 595 条):https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#adrenal-gland-infarct