血管扩张Angiectasis · 甲状旁腺 · 内分泌系统 · NTP ntp-0058
诊断要点：甲状旁腺血管扩张（parathyroid angiectasis）应当作出诊断并给出严重程度分级。
病变描述
小鼠和大鼠的甲状旁腺中可见血管腔扩张（dilation of vascular spaces），尽管较为罕见。扩张的血管腔散布于整个腺体内，代表由扁平内皮细胞衬覆的原有血管通道。Figure 1 中，扩张的血管通道内充满红细胞。与血管瘤（hemangioma）不同，血管扩张性病变不代表性血管结构的新生增殖。血管瘤通常边界更为清楚，伴有在纤细纤维性间质上新生血管通道的增殖。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
甲状旁腺血管扩张（parathyroid angiectasis）应当作出诊断并给出严重程度分级。若严重程度为显著（marked），病理学描述中应当讨论其与血管瘤的鉴别。若双侧甲状旁腺均受累，诊断中应当包含“双侧（bilateral）”一词，严重程度分级应基于受累较重的一侧腺体。由于血管瘤性病变可能为多部位及全身性，病理学描述中应当说明该甲状旁腺病变与其他组织中类似改变之间可能存在的任何关系。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Dilation of vascular spaces may be seen in the parathyroid of mice and rats, although it is rare. The dilated vascular spaces are disseminated throughout the gland and represent preexisting vascular channels lined by flattened endothelial cells. In Figure 1 , the dilated vascular channels are filled with erythrocytes. In contrast to hemangiomas, angiectatic lesions do not represent proliferation of new vascular structures. Hemangiomas are usually more circumscribed, with proliferation of new vascular channels on a delicate fibrous stroma.
Recommendation：
Parathyroid angiectasis should be diagnosed and given a severity grade. If the severity is marked, the pathology narrative should discuss its distinction from hemangioma. If both parathyroids are involved, the term “bilateral” should be included in the diagnosis and the severity grade based on the more severely affected gland. Since angiomatous lesions may be multisite and systemic, the pathology narrative should address any relationship that this parathyroid lesion might have to similar changes in other tissues.
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/endocrine-system/parathyroid-gland/Angiectasis
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Angiectasis (parathyroid-gland). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/parathyroid-gland-angiectasis.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#parathyroid-gland-angiectasis