前房出血Anterior Chamber Hemorrhage · 眼 · 特殊感觉系统 · NTP ntp-0326
诊断要点：前房出血应当被诊断并赋予严重程度分级。如果前房出血是眼部更弥漫性炎症过程的一部分，则无需单独诊断，除非其严重程度使其有必要单独诊断。
病变描述
前房出血（anterior chamber hemorrhage）的特征是角膜与虹膜之间的间隙内出现外渗的血细胞（Figure 1、Figure 2）。临床上，此称为前房积血（hyphema）。在实验室大鼠和小鼠中，前房出血并不少见，可作为球后采血操作所致创伤的后遗症。它也可由虹膜或睫状血管的获得性损伤（如由炎症或代谢性疾病引起）或晶状体或虹膜周围持续存在的胚胎血管渗漏引起。感染涎泪腺炎病毒（sialodacryoadenitis virus）的大鼠除其他眼部病变外，也可表现出前房出血。前房内渗出的血细胞可阻塞虹膜角膜滤角通道和/或邻近的小梁网，阻碍房水的正常引流，从而导致眼内压升高。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
前房出血应当被诊断并赋予严重程度分级。如果前房出血是眼部更弥漫性炎症过程的一部分，则无需单独诊断，除非其严重程度使其有必要单独诊断。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Hemorrhage in the anterior chamber is characterized by extravasated blood cells in the space between the cornea and iris ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). Clinically, this is referred to as hyphema. In laboratory rats and mice, anterior chamber hemorrhage is not uncommon as a sequela to trauma from retrobulbar bleeding procedures. It can also result from acquired damage to iridial or ciliary blood vessels (as from inflammation or metabolic disease) or from leakage from persistent embryonic vessels around the lens or iris. Rats with sialodacryoadenitis virus infection can also exhibit anterior chamber hemorrhage, among other ocular lesions. Extravasated blood cells in the anterior chamber can occlude the iridocorneal filtration angle channels and/or the adjacent trabecular meshwork, impeding normal drainage of aqueous humor with resultant elevations in intraocular pressure.
Recommendation：
Anterior chamber hemorrhage should be diagnosed and assigned a severity grade. If anterior chamber hemorrhage is part of a more dispersed inflammatory process in the eye, it need not be diagnosed separately unless warranted by its severity.
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/special-senses-system/eye/AnteriorChamber-Hemorrhage
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Anterior Chamber Hemorrhage (eye). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/eye-anterior-chamber-hemorrhage.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#eye-anterior-chamber-hemorrhage