肾小管肥大Renal Tubule Hypertrophy · 肾脏 · 泌尿系统 · NTP ntp-0177
诊断要点：肾小管肥大应予以诊断并给出严重程度分级。作为慢性进行性肾病组成部分的肥大不应单独诊断，而应视为慢性进行性肾病的一个组成部分。
病变描述
肾小管肥大（renal tubule hypertrophy）的特征是肾小管上皮细胞增大，染色特性不一。典型情况下，肾小管由单层上皮细胞衬覆，上皮细胞数量不增加。肥大细胞的细胞质通常无定形且呈明亮的嗜酸性，而细胞核显得小、圆且致密（Figure 1、Figure 2）。肾小管肥大的切向切片可能造成误导，看起来有些像增生。肥大常见于较严重的慢性进行性肾病（见 Kidney - Nephropathy, 慢性（chronic） Progressive），并被认为是与肾功能下降相关的代偿机制。它也可能由化学物给药引起。肥大不应被视为癌前病变。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
肾小管肥大应予以诊断并给出严重程度分级。作为慢性进行性肾病组成部分的肥大不应单独诊断，而应视为慢性进行性肾病的一个组成部分。相关链接：Kidney - Glomerulus - Metaplasia；Kidney - Nephropathy, 慢性（chronic） Progressive
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Renal tubule hypertrophy is characterized by enlarged tubule epithelial cells that have variable tinctorial staining. Typically, the tubule is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells, and the numbers of epithelial cells are not increased. The cytoplasm of hypertrophic cells is usually amorphous and brightly eosinophilic, while nuclei appear small, round and dense ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). Tangential sections through renal tubule hypertrophy may be misleading, appearing somewhat hyperplastic. Hypertrophy is often observed in more severe cases of chronic progressive nephropathy (see Kidney - Nephropathy, Chronic Progressive ) and is believed to be a compensatory mechanism related to a decline in renal function. It may also result from chemical administration. Hypertrophy should not be regarded as a preneoplastic condition.
Recommendation：
Renal tubule hypertrophy should be diagnosed and given a severity grade. Hypertrophy as a component of chronic progressive nephropathy should not be diagnosed separately but should be considered a component of chronic progressive nephropathy. Related Links: Kidney - Glomerulus - Metaplasia Kidney - Nephropathy, Chronic Progressive
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/urinary-system/kidney/RenalTubule-Hypertrophy
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Renal Tubule Hypertrophy (kidney). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/kidney-renal-tubule-hypertrophy.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#kidney-renal-tubule-hypertrophy