C 细胞增生C Cell Hyperplasia · 甲状腺 · 内分泌系统 · NTP ntp-0059
诊断要点：C细胞增生存在时应当作出诊断，并给出严重程度分级。若为双侧性，则应在诊断中注明，并依据受累较重的甲状腺给出严重程度分级。
病变描述
C细胞增生（C-cell hyperplasia）是大鼠慢性研究中的常见所见，可呈弥漫性（弥漫性（diffuse））（Figure 1、Figure 2）、局灶性（局灶性（focal））（Figure 3、Figure 4）或多灶性（多灶性（multifocal））。C细胞增生与C细胞腺瘤（C-cell adenoma）的区分依据是任一给定局灶性增生的体积大小。C细胞增生普遍公认的判断标准为：局灶性C细胞簇小于五个平均滤泡直径，或散在于滤泡间间隙的类似小体积C细胞簇。与C细胞腺瘤不同，C细胞增生不伴有对邻近实质的明显压迫。C细胞增生内可含有单个陷入的滤泡（Figure 1、Figure 2）。C细胞增生一般由圆形至多面体形细胞构成，胞质嗜酸性（eosinophilic）且丰富（Figure 2）；部分病例中核质比高于典型水平（Figure 4）。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
C细胞增生存在时应当作出诊断，并给出严重程度分级。若为双侧性，则应在诊断中注明，并依据受累较重的甲状腺给出严重程度分级。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
C-cell hyperplasia is a common finding in chronic rat studies and can be diffuse ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ), focal ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 ), or multifocal. C-cell hyperplasia is distinguished from C-cell adenoma based on the size of any given focal proliferation. The generally accepted criteria for C-cell hyperplasia is a focal C-cell cluster less than five average follicular diameters or similarly small-sized clusters of C cells scattered in interfollicular spaces. In contrast to C-cell adenomas, C-cell hyperplasia is not associated with significant compression of adjacent parenchyma. C-cell hyperplasias may contain individual trapped follicles ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). C-cell hyperplasia generally consists of round to polyhedral cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm ( Figure 2 ); in some cases there is a higher than typical nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio ( Figure 4 ).
Recommendation：
C-cell hyperplasia should be diagnosed when present, given a severity grade. If bilateral it should be indicated in the diagnosis with a severity grade based on the more severely affected thyroid gland.
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/endocrine-system/thyroid-gland/CCellHyperplasia
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. C Cell Hyperplasia (thyroid-gland). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/thyroid-gland-c-cell-hyperplasia.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#thyroid-gland-c-cell-hyperplasia