视网膜发育不良Retina Dysplasia · 眼 · 特殊感觉系统 · NTP ntp-0341
诊断要点：视网膜发育不良应诊断为存在（不指定严重程度分级）。然而，如果严重程度分级有助于阐明处理效应（尤其是在围产期暴露研究中），则可进行分级。
病变描述
视网膜发育不良（retinal dysplasia）（Figure 1、Figure 2）是一种偶见的发育异常，偶尔见于大鼠和小鼠。其表现为视网膜各层不同程度的 局灶性（focal） 内褶或菊形团样结构，有时伴有结构发育不良或排列紊乱。通常几乎没有并发的变性或坏死。轻微病例无临床意义。视网膜发育不良在某些小鼠中作为一种遗传性基因缺陷发生，类似的改变也可通过胎儿期某些营养素缺乏或围产期给予毒素在大鼠幼仔中诱导产生。然而，大鼠和小鼠中大多数病例的确切病因尚不清楚。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
视网膜发育不良应诊断为存在（不指定严重程度分级）。然而，如果严重程度分级有助于阐明处理效应（尤其是在围产期暴露研究中），则可进行分级。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Retinal dysplasia ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) is an incidental developmental anomaly occasionally noted in rats and mice. It consists of variably extensive focal infoldings or rosette-like formations of the retinal layers, sometimes with poorly developed or disorganized architecture. There is usually little if any concurrent degeneration or necrosis. Minor cases are of no clinical significance. Retinal dysplasia occurs as a heritable genetic defect in some mice, and similar changes have been induced in rat pups by deficiencies of certain nutrients during the fetal period or by perinatal administration of toxins. However, the exact cause of most cases in rats and mice is unknown.
Recommendation：
Retinal dysplasia should be diagnosed as present (no severity grade assigned). However, severity grades could be assigned if they would help clarify a treatment effect (especially in perinatal exposure studies).
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/special-senses-system/eye/Retina-Dysplasia
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Retina Dysplasia (eye). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/eye-retina-dysplasia.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#eye-retina-dysplasia