副脾Accessory Spleen · 脾脏 · 免疫系统 · NTP ntp-0031
诊断要点：副脾应予以诊断，但不进行分级。
病变描述
副脾（accessory spleen）（Figure 1，箭头）在啮齿类动物中罕见，可能为先天性、脾切除后获得性或创伤性损伤所致。在腹腔内肉眼观察时，副脾可表现为一个或多个暗红色至黑色结节，表面光滑，直径从不足1毫米到数毫米不等。这些脾组织小结节可见于脾的肠系膜附着处（Figure 1，箭头所指）、胰腺及腹腔其他部位。组织学上，副脾可具有全部或部分脾结构成分，如被膜、小梁、红髓和/或白髓（Figure 2）。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
副脾应予以诊断，但不进行分级。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Accessory spleens ( Figure 1 , arrow) are rare findings in rodents and may be congenital, acquired following splenectomy, or a consequence of traumatic injury. When observed grossly in the peritoneal cavity, an accessory spleen may appear as one or more dark red to black nodules that have a smooth surface and range from less than a millimeter to several millimeters in diameter. These small nodules of splenic tissue have been observed in the mesenteric attachment of the spleen ( Figure 1 , arrowhead), pancreas, and elsewhere in the abdominal cavity. Histologically, accessory spleens may have all or some splenic components, such as the capsule, trabeculae, red pulp, and/or white pulp ( Figure 2 ).
Recommendation：
Accessory spleen should be diagnosed but not graded.
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/immune-system/spleen/AccessorySpleen
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Accessory Spleen (spleen). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/spleen-accessory-spleen.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#spleen-accessory-spleen