血管扩张Angiectasis · 前胃 · 消化系统 · NTP ntp-0219
诊断要点：血管扩张应予以诊断，并根据病变的范围给予严重程度分级。
病变描述
血管扩张（angiectasis，血管扩张症）主要是一种自发性的、与年龄相关的病变。病因通常未知，但偶尔可能是对化学性损伤的反应。血管扩张由广泛扩张的血管腔隙构成，尤其是毛细血管（或血窦）和小静脉，其内衬为无明显异常的内皮细胞。血管数量无明显增多，器官的间质未发生改变。应尝试对血管扩张与血管瘤进行鉴别，尽管血管扩张与血管瘤之间的差异往往并不明确。血管瘤倾向于为边界清楚、无包膜的肿块，由紧密排列的扩张血管腔隙构成。每个血管腔隙均由单层外观正常的内皮细胞围成并衬覆，这些内皮细胞排列于胶原性间隔上，间隔通常较薄，尽管有些具有宽阔的胶原性间质。血管扩张通常不表现为边界清楚的肿块，因为扩张的血管通道常不规则地穿行于结缔组织中。
诊断与分级建议（NTP 共识）
血管扩张应予以诊断，并根据病变的范围给予严重程度分级。
图谱
英文原文
展开 NTP 官方英文描述与建议
Comment：
Angiectasis (vascular ectasia) is primarily a spontaneous, age-related lesion. The cause is generally not known but occasionally can be a response to chemical injury. Angiectasis consists of widely dilated vascular spaces, especially capillaries (or sinusoids) and venules, that are lined by unremarkable endothelial cells. There is no apparent increase in numbers of vessels, and the stroma of the organ is unaltered. A differentiation between angiectasis and hemangioma should be attempted, although the difference between angiectasis and hemangioma often is not clear. Hemangiomas tend to be well-circumscribed unencapsulated masses composed of tightly packed dilated vascular spaces. Each vascular space is enclosed and lined by a single layer of normal-appearing endothelial cells aligned on collagenous septa, which are usually thin, although some have broad collagenous stromata. Angiectasis does not usually present as a well-circumscribed mass because the dilated vascular channels are often irregularly coursing through connective.
Recommendation：
Angiectasis should be diagnosed and given a severity grade based on the extent of the lesion.
来源与引用
原始条目：https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/atlas/nnl/alimentary-system/stomach-forestomach/Angiectasis
图谱总目录：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas。 内容属美国联邦政府作品（公有领域），可引用；引用时请标注来源。
建议引用格式：NTP Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas. Angiectasis (stomach-forestomach). LabSmart 中文版：
https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp/stomach-forestomach-angiectasis.html
中文图谱总页（可展开对照全部 595 条）：https://www.labsmart.cn/ntp-atlas.html#stomach-forestomach-angiectasis